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January 11, 2006
Thoughts on the Narnia adaptation
The sky is filled with bombers. It is a dark, overcast day; flashes of anti-aircraft fire crack through the air as buildings shake and the ground rumbles from explosions. In the cockpits, the pilots chatter to one another in vicious-sounding German, as meanwhile doors open in the bellies of the planes to release bomb after bomb on the helpless city below. A scene from the latest World War II movie employing the utmost in new special effects technology? No. It's the beginning of Disney's new adaptation of C.S. Lewis's classic, The Lion, the Witch, and the Wardrobe.
From the above paragraph, you may think that I am going to write about gratuitous violence in a children's movie, a Christian allegory at that. But I don't think that violence in this case is really a problem. Most children over the age of six seem pretty much at ease with the idea of skies filled with planes for a bombing attack, and at any rate, other scenes in the film are likely more terrifying: the hunting of children by wolves, for example. The real problem with this scene - and one indicative of a bigger problem with the movie - is its total irrelevance to the story.
In the book, C.S. Lewis devotes a single sentence to explaining how the children came to stay at the professor's house in the country: "This story is about something that happened to them when they were sent away from London during the war because of the air-raids." It is a graceful sentence, one that demonstrates a power of evocative restraint that is reminiscent of Hemingway - think of the opening line of "In Another Country": "In the fall the war was always there, but we did not go to it any more." I can still recall, as a child, being moved by Lewis's sentence to wonder about all the horrors that the four children might be leaving behind them as they come to the other world of the house in the country. Children watching this movie today will not get that opportunity. Instead of having their imaginations stimulated - in a story that relies so much on the power of imagination - they will have them smothered.
Grim hints of terror are always more terrifying than graphically depicted scenes. Hitchcock knew this: his movies showed a mastery of the unseen, the power of the uncertain, the unknown - of mystery. The same is true of other emotions: we are almost always more moved by suggestion than by an overload of explicit detail, and this holds true for children as well as adults. Less is more. Watching The Lion, the Witch, and the Wardrobe, one wishes that director Andrew Adamson had kept in mind this simple, time-honored lesson. Instead, the movie is a bombardment of images, with each image holding the screen for no more than a few seconds before the next one pushes it aside.
The effect is jarring. At one point, feeling a vague unsettledness as I watched the film, I started counting seconds to see how long each shot lasted. I never got beyond three. Even beautiful shots, like the first shot of the beavers' house or the witch's castle, shots that introduce major new elements into the story, were hastily yanked away as soon as they had time to register in the viewer's mind. When this is the case, the rhythm of the story is lost - viewers don't have the pleasant sense of progression, of a new plateau in the events having been reached. Gone is the art, so familiar in older films, of letting the camera tell you what is important, or focus your attention on a crucial detail. Some might say this hastiness makes the film more exciting, but I found it to be rather constraining - at times, even aggravating.
The other major excess in the film is melodrama. At every key moment in the action - every reunion of characters, escape from danger, or revelation of truth - we are met with an avalanche of emotion-inducing ploys, including slow motion, dramatic music, close-ups of gleeful or horror-stricken faces, etc. All of this is very cliche, especially the music; one wonders if the director was just out of ideas, or felt that children wouldn't respond well to any fresher or more subtle technique. It's unfortunate, because many scenes that could have been much more powerful were ruined in this way.
The movie is good despite these problems. The powerful sequence of events leading up to the climax drew me in despite the criticisms that were already playing in my mind; indeed, so touching were some of the scenes that I almost felt ashamed of having such criticisms when a message of so much greater significance was being portrayed. But the power of the film comes from its story, not its cinematography, and the fact that the story could save such a weakly-delivered film is a tribute to C.S. Lewis's creation. The story, in my opinion, deserved better. One needs only to look at Peter Jackson's tour de force adaptation of Lord of the Rings to see what can be done. This problem is not limited to Narnia, however, and Jackson's achievement was more the exception rather than the rule. Watch most movies in the theaters right now, and you will see the same hasty direction and mindless, clichéd techniques. Films are being directed as though they were television commercials. The art of cinematography, perhaps at its all-time high just thirty years ago, has plummeted to an almost existent level today. Those who are young or unknowledgeable about film miss out just as much as those of us who aren't, but nobody seems to care.
Posted by Michael Mattair at January 11, 2006 12:02 AM
Robert Altman commented upon the last part of your critique in his opening minutes long uninterrupted tracking shot in his wonderful and funny satire of Hollywood, "The Player."
The problems of gratuitous shots, over-cuttiness and inability to tell a coherent story were a huge problem in movies during the early nineties, as the first generation of music video directors graduated from videos to commercials to film, especially action films, where the visuals aren't necesarily plot or character-driven.
Most good young filmmakers today appear to be rejecting the David Finchers of the early 90s and instead are reaching back to the movie heydays of the 1970s --- and directors like Altman, Polanski and Ashby who knew how to tell stories at a measured pace and get performances from their actors. One of my favorite movies of this past year, "the Motorcycle Diaries," could have come straight from 1975.
Posted by: JohnS at January 11, 2006 11:57 AM | permalink
While it may be true that a lot of movies that are tops at the box office suffer from the problems you describe (the new Harry Potter! argh!), I don't think it's true for all top movies, and it's certainly not true for all new movies.
Plenty of non-action and/or artsy-type films do very well in theatres - March of the Penguins and Brokeback come to mind right off, along with most of Shaylaman's movies. And I know I could list hundreds of recent movies that might not have been box office smashes (even if they did well enough, e.g. Frida) that don't suffer from the problems of poor editing and crappy cinematography.
Posted by: Nick Blesch at January 11, 2006 02:18 PM | permalink
One needs only to look at Peter Jackson's tour de force adaptation of Lord of the Rings to see what can be done. This problem is not limited to Narnia, however, and Jackson's achievement was more the exception rather than the rule. Watch most movies in the theaters right now, and you will see the same hasty direction and mindless, clichéd techniques. Films are being directed as though they were television commercials.
I agree with this, but to your following claim that things were so much better 30-odd years ago, I react in much the same way Donald Hall did to "poetry's" then naysayers in "Death to the Death of Poetry." Times are neither as bad as you think now nor were they as good as you remember they were then. Cinematography-wise, that is.
I was thinking recently, for another reason, about Cary Grant's last two films ("Father Goose" and "Walk, Don't Run"). Today, it occurs to me that both of those movies were, in terms of cinematographic standards, quite pedestrian. But in terms of their overall quality, Father Goose in particular, they have some staying power. Actually, I don't wish to defend "Walk, Don't Run." But "Father Goose" is now regarded as a hidden gem for its screenplay, dialog and acting. There was very little about the cinematography, on the other hand, that was memorable. Today, we have a near throwaway film like "Catch Me If You Can" with subtly but powerfully framed shots and memorable pans and fades.
Anyway, I know that "anecdote" is not the singular for "data," I just think generalizations such as yours about how good it used to be are low fruit for contrarians like myself.
Posted by: Nash at January 11, 2006 04:05 PM | permalink
Nash,
I understand your frustration with people who talk about the "good old days." However, it is a widely held belief among critics that the 70's were one of Hollywood's finest eras. The hit movies of the time, such as Network, The Conversation, the first two Godfathers, Chinatown, Rocky, etc., almost all demonstrate excellent cinematography. In today's movies, such art is the exception, not the rule. Some have suggested that this is because the age of the typical moviegoer is a lot younger than it was then - I don't know. But watch a great 70's action movie like The French Connection and compare it to any of today's action movies, and I think you will see what I'm talking about. Yes, generalizations about the past are sometimes overblown, but I think in this case, there really is a noticeable difference.
Posted by: Mike at January 11, 2006 06:35 PM | permalink
I wonder if some of the neglect of good cinematography is due to the explosion (heh) of special effects and CGI technology. Everyone's still caught up in the bells and whistles. Maybe--hopefully--the sheer novelty of that stuff will increasingly wear off and there will be more of a return to the real art of movie-making.
Posted by: Eric Seymour at January 13, 2006 12:56 PM | permalink
Are you serious?
Do you really think that reciting a simple line in the film ( "This story is about something that happened to them when they were sent away from London during the war because of the air-raids.") would sufficiently set the stage for the children's evacuation? In the book it barely describes any of the battle scenes... it marely says something to the affect of "And a terrible battle ensued, but I can't describe it to you here because otherwise you parents wouldn't let you read this book."
Come on man.
Posted by: Sarah Angeline at January 13, 2006 07:30 PM | permalink
Agreed, Sarah. I wonder how many folks today, especially those whom the Narnia film was aimed at, could say why the Pevensie children were made to leave London or even know that London was bombed by the Germans in WWII or that the Blitz is anything other than a football term?
The stage had to be set & I think the opening scenes of the film did that quite well. Film being a visaul medium, I thought it was a far better choice than a voice-over, which it seems Michael would have preferred. I'll agree that Adamson's cinematic storytelling could have been better. But it's clear that Peter is the one who organizes the final battle (recall that, in the camp when it was clear Aslan was dead, the camera swooped down into the battle map from Peter's POV & we ended up on the field of battle), meaning the use of the eagles, gryphons, & other flying creatures to drop rocks on the White Witch's forces was his idea. And just where would Peter have gotten that idea? Yes, the Blitz. So I don't agree that Adamson didn't let "the camera tell you what is important, or focus your attention on a crucial detail." Seems he might have been a bit over-subtle!
Is the film perfect? No. Frankly, I'm hoping another director is chosen to do Prince Caspian. I didn't find the film to feel rushed or hasty in any way. To each his own.
Posted by: Gene Branaman at January 16, 2006 06:45 PM | permalink
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