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April 26, 2005
Township Governance in Indiana: The Need for Reform
(See previous entries on township governance here, here, here, here, here and here.)
RiShawn Biddle of the Indianapolis Star updates his earlier post on township governance in Marion County to respond to critics of the original draft. Biddle notes this column in the Star by a local Indianapolis politician who argues that IndyWorks, Mayor Bart Peterson's plan to streamline Indianapolis and Marion County's government structure in part by consolidating townships, is flawed because the plan only merges townships into two large units.
Whether the author of the op-ed believes that it would be better for the townships to be eliminated altogether or for the status quo to be maintained isn't entirely clear. One suspects it's the latter, as the easiest way for reactionaries to maintain their position is to enlist the perfect as an ally in the fight against the good. And that appears to be the only purpose of the editorial: To note the areas that the Peterson plan won't fix.
No, Mayor Peterson's plan won't let the City-County Council use township funds for UniGov purposes. Nor will it eliminate all the township assessors, trustees and advisory boards already present in the county. Nor will it guarantee the absolute incorruptibility of township governments.
But those flaws are secondary to the major question, which is--as it has been for at least ninety years, and possibly even longer--"Should townships survive in their present form?" And the answer continues to be "No."
Fixing townships will not, in the words of a very young Herman B Wells, give us bigger sidewalks and better beers. As Biddle notes, though, in Marion County township consolidation will allow for more efficient provision of certain emergency services. Moreover, I would argue that the simple consolidation of the townships into two intuitively-defined areas (roughly the "city" and the "county") will help in a number of ways.
First, all other things being equal, the total going expenditure of township government will have to be lower, if for no other reason that there will be fewer officials, offices, and family members to hire.
Second, and as a consequence, Marion County townships will almost certainly fare better on measures of efficiency after the township consolidation simply because there will be less overhead.
Third, and to answer a common objection, it will be the case that there will be enhanced accountability for township-level governments post-Indy Works. The writer states: "Instead of nine locally elected and accountable trustees, you will have two larger bureaucracies with several branch offices. Does experience suggest that larger, less publicly accountable bureaucracies are better at fiscal management?" Yes. The problems of township fiscal accountability in Marion County's townships, which are simply the best-documented problems in the state, are a result of the difficulty of voters' holding township officials to account. It is easy to fix the blame (fairly or--sometimes--unfairly) for problems in municipal governance on a democratically-elected official: The tribulations of every mayor, and to a lesser extent the municipal council, are reported in the newspaper, and nearly every voter at least knows the mayor's name.
But if the municipal buck stops in the mayor's office, where does it stop at the township level? Township politics fall below a newspaper's eye level, and there is no local accountability mechanism to make these affairs truly public. Further, few voters will have the knowledge necessary to judge the competence of township officials from their own experience (especially given the narrow clientele which the township trustee serves).
Nine townships are too many for the media and the voters to keep an eye on. Two, however, is a much more manageable number. (Zero, I suspect, might be even better, but unfortunately no pressure group exists to serve the public interest in general as opposed to the interests of specific public servants.)
A study commission on townships is needed to give an imprimatur to sorely-needed reforms. However, it is difficult to see what lessons could be drawn from the experiences of other counties in the state that would be applicable to Marion County's unique situation. All the lessons we could draw are immediately obvious, and have been amply publicized in the Star and other sources.
The legislature can consider the general question of township governance in Indiana by a study commission. But there's no reason to hold up these specific reforms for two more years.
Posted by Paul Musgrave at April 26, 2005 05:03 PM
You may have seen the Star's latest update on its post on townships
Update 3: Apparently Mr. Dixon still isn't too pleased. He argues "If you truly wanted to eliminate waste in Indianapolis you would, like the previous Mayor, look to the private sector for cost effective solutions." That is true. But as we've seen with the events post-Steve Goldsmith era and as pointed out by Reason Foundation government efficiency expert Geoffrey Segal, privatization alone won't help taxpayers in the long run if the only purpose behind it is cost-cutting. It must also make delivery of government services more effective -- including better quality in the delivery.
And ultimately, it won't work if the fundamental structure of government in Marion County isn't fixed. After all, one reason why Goldsmith's moves haven't fully worked is because of a lack of critical mass needed to make it happen. Ask any purchasing manager at a company and he'll tell you that the larger your company, the better a deal it can wrangle for supplies. Since neither IFD nor the township fire departments are large enough to wrangle supply savings, it means taxpayers will pay a higher price for the service than it would if all ten departments were merged into one.
Right now, the townships could surely use the savings. As pointed out by former Indiana Fiscal Policy Institute boss Bill Sheldrake -- who has run the numbers on Indy Works for Mayor Peterson -- in a meeting with the Star yesterday, fire service tax levies in the townships have risen by double digits. Taxpayers in Wayne Township, for example, will see a 177 percent hike in fire tax rates for 2005 while Decatur Township taxpayers will have to pay 47 percent more than they did in 2004. So will folks in Pike and Franklin townships, who will respectively, see hikes of 34 percent and 20 percent this year.
So how much more are folks in the IFD district going to pay this year? No increase at all. I think it's time for a change. What would happen if Indy Works came to fruition? Tax rates could fall by 70 percent in Wayne Townhip, 54 percent in Decatur, 40 percent in Franklin and 34 percent in Pike. Rates could also fall by double-digits in Warren, Lawrence and Perry townships as well.
Posted by: Mack Simmons at April 27, 2005 11:45 AM | permalink
Schemes concocted in the dark, hatched suddenly with media conspiring, generally are a bill of goods with problems. Indianapolis has had decades of impartial advice the taking of it would have solved all of their problems. They didn't, and their problems compounded to where now they bond current operating expenses. I am sure that Mr. Sheldrake would not approve. I suspect that were he given a free hand to demonstrate ALL that is wrong with Marion County the need for reform would be perfectly clear. He and others are aware of the political and so we don't get his opinions with the bark off.
Posted by: Anonymous at April 28, 2005 12:33 PM | permalink
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